Latium
Latium is the home of the original Latin people, and was a country in which people who lived there spoke indoeuropean languages and nonindoeuropean languages. It's a very flat country, and wide as well, it is actually said that the Latin word "Latus" was derived from this very country's name, meaning wide. The land is divided into five provinces, and is bordered by Tuscany, Umbria, Abruzzo, Marche, Molise, Camponia, and the Tyrrhenian Sea. Back a long time ago this land was known to the ancient Greeks, and the Etruscans had great political and cultural influence over the land. These early Romans even tried to take over the country, but because the provinces were made up of city-states, and the country was organized well they were not succesful. So, the Latium people remained independant, and were mostly farmers due to the land being very flat and therefor easy to have and maintain agriculture. Their main trades were farming, crafting, and fishing. Today, 55 percent of Latiums population is now in Rome, and 275,065 foreign born immigrants live in Latium, making up 5.2 percent of the population. So all in all it is highly diverse with all different types of people, but will always be remembered and studied as the original home of the Latin peoples.
Campania
Campania was colonized by ancient Greeks and was a part of "Magna Graciae". It was dominated by the Romans during the Roman Republic. It became a mixing pot of both cultures (Roman and Greek). The people sided against Rome during the Punic Wars.
It is divided into 5 provinces, one of which is Naples. It lies on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea.
The people in Campania speak mostly latin as Romans did.
Fun Fact: Naples is where pizza and spaghetti originated.
Samnium
Samnium is home to the Samnites, Sabellic tribes. Samnium was deliminated by Latium. For most of their history they were landlocked but at some brief points they controlled coastland of Italy. The Samnites were composed of four major tribes; the Pentri, the Caraceni, the Caudini, and the Hirpini. The main language they spoke was a version of latin. The first written record of them existing was the treaty with the Romans in 354 B.C.
Picenum
These people were an offshoot of the Sabines who lived in the city of Picenum. This region was captured in 286 BC by the Romans and it became a colony of Rome afterwards. It continued to side with Rome during times such as the Punic Wars.
Picenum was an Adriatic coastal plain of the southern Marche and is southeast of Umbria.
They are believed to have spoken Latin was a dialect of Iguuium.
Legend says a woodpecker from Mars led the people to this plain, and Pompey the Great was born there.
Umbria
Umbra is in Central Italy. The people are the Umbri Tribe. They live in a region that is hilly and mountainais. The Language is Umbrian and is a relative of latin and Oscan. A fun fact is that the Clitunno river is tresured as a spot of beauty and Umbria is known as the green heart of Italy.
Apulia
Illyric/Italic in the 1st millennium BC and Greek in the 5 & 4 BC lived in Apuli, then were all defeated by the Romans.. who later were defeated by the Carthaginians.
Geography: Mostly a plain, low coast broken by mountainous Gargano peninsula in the North and mountains in the north central region.
Language: Bari- Barese, Sicily/tarantino- Salentino, Province of Foggie- Faetar, Now- Italian
Facts: Southern peninsulas called calabria
Divided into 6 regions (Foggia, Barlette-Andriatrani, Bari, Tarantino, Brintidi, Lecce)
Calabria/Brutii
Two tribes inhabited Calabria, the Oenoti, "Vine Cultivators", and the Itali. The Greeks settled on the coastline, what is now present day Reggio Calabria and Crotone. The Brutii established the main cities of Calabria and Cosenza. Interaction with the Romans resulted in the inland spread of Malaria.
Located on the Meditteranean peninsula, Calabria is separated by Sicily and the Strait of Messina. FOr the most part, the land is very mountainous, with mountains like Pollino, Sila, and Aspromonte being the most famous. The land at the bottom parts of the mountains are very fertile and are home to prickely pear cacti, vineyards, and citrus fruit orchards.
Since 1861, the native language has been Italian, but before the common language took over, people spoke in two different dialects- Sicilian and Neapolitian.
Sicily
Rivers
Ancient Italy was split into two zones, East and West. The East Zone had weaker rivers that dried up in the summer heat, however in the winter, the rivers became raging torrents that eroded much of the landscape. Two of the rivers in this zone were the Biferno and Remini. The West zone was the opposite of the East, containing many good harbors that allowed for trading. One main river in this zone was the Tiber. Another River that is still prominent today is the Po River. In Ancient Italy, rivers were crucial because they provided a network for communication.
Mountains
The Alps, along the northern border of Italy, kept out most influence from other European countries. The Apennines are a mountain range spreading down the length of the country, serving as its "backbone", as well as keeping the East coast isolated from the rest of the peninsula. Famous mountains are Etna, the largest active volcano in Europe, Vulcano, Stromboli, and Vesuvius, the largest active volcano on mainland Europe.
Neighbors
Some neighboring regions of ancient italy were the gauls. The inhabitants of gaul were speakers of the gaulish language but was replaced with vulgar latin by the arrival of the Franks. Another neighboring region was Illyria.It was founded by the tribes and clans the illyrians who spoke the illyrian language.
Was an Italic tribe that lived in Italy inhabiting Latium before the founding of Rome. The languages that were spoken in the area were similar to the Oscan and Umbrian languages. Their language belonged to the Sabellic subgroup. Some aspects of Rome and the Sabines that are similar are religion and mythology. Today the region is referred to as Sabina. The piece of art called the "The Rape of the Sabine Women" comes from when women were abducted by Roman men to populate the new small town. The word rape is not used like the way we use it today, but rather just as kidnapping. The original territory of the Sabines straddled the modern regions of Lazio, Umbria, and Abruzzo. Now a day it has become a tourist destination, known for its interesting medieval villages and its production of olive oil.
War w/ Gauls:
Samnite War:
Pyrrhic War:
1st Punic War:
2nd Punic War:
3rd Punic War:
Illyrian War:
1st Macedonian War:
2nd Macedonian War:
3rd & 4th Macedonian War:
Law & Justice: D.1-D.2
Kings of Rome: Unit C.2-C.3
:
Greeks in Italy: Unit C.1
http://docs.google.com/Presentation?id=dcdvfwkc_10cfz9qgdm
Etruscans Unit: Unit B
Regions of Italy: Unit A
Map of the regions of Italy © Clipart.com
These areas only approximately correspond with the following, since I don't have the key. The Aequi are in the area of the Marsi and there are many other overlaps. The black area is Latium where Rome is located.
Latium
Latium is the home of the original Latin people, and was a country in which people who lived there spoke indoeuropean languages and nonindoeuropean languages. It's a very flat country, and wide as well, it is actually said that the Latin word "Latus" was derived from this very country's name, meaning wide. The land is divided into five provinces, and is bordered by Tuscany, Umbria, Abruzzo, Marche, Molise, Camponia, and the Tyrrhenian Sea. Back a long time ago this land was known to the ancient Greeks, and the Etruscans had great political and cultural influence over the land. These early Romans even tried to take over the country, but because the provinces were made up of city-states, and the country was organized well they were not succesful. So, the Latium people remained independant, and were mostly farmers due to the land being very flat and therefor easy to have and maintain agriculture. Their main trades were farming, crafting, and fishing. Today, 55 percent of Latiums population is now in Rome, and 275,065 foreign born immigrants live in Latium, making up 5.2 percent of the population. So all in all it is highly diverse with all different types of people, but will always be remembered and studied as the original home of the Latin peoples.
Campania
Campania was colonized by ancient Greeks and was a part of "Magna Graciae". It was dominated by the Romans during the Roman Republic. It became a mixing pot of both cultures (Roman and Greek). The people sided against Rome during the Punic Wars.
It is divided into 5 provinces, one of which is Naples. It lies on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea.
The people in Campania speak mostly latin as Romans did.
Fun Fact: Naples is where pizza and spaghetti originated.
Samnium
Samnium is home to the Samnites, Sabellic tribes. Samnium was deliminated by Latium. For most of their history they were landlocked but at some brief points they controlled coastland of Italy. The Samnites were composed of four major tribes; the Pentri, the Caraceni, the Caudini, and the Hirpini. The main language they spoke was a version of latin. The first written record of them existing was the treaty with the Romans in 354 B.C.
Picenum
These people were an offshoot of the Sabines who lived in the city of Picenum. This region was captured in 286 BC by the Romans and it became a colony of Rome afterwards. It continued to side with Rome during times such as the Punic Wars.
Picenum was an Adriatic coastal plain of the southern Marche and is southeast of Umbria.
They are believed to have spoken Latin was a dialect of Iguuium.
Legend says a woodpecker from Mars led the people to this plain, and Pompey the Great was born there.
Umbria
Umbra is in Central Italy. The people are the Umbri Tribe. They live in a region that is hilly and mountainais. The Language is Umbrian and is a relative of latin and Oscan. A fun fact is that the Clitunno river is tresured as a spot of beauty and Umbria is known as the green heart of Italy.
Apulia
Illyric/Italic in the 1st millennium BC and Greek in the 5 & 4 BC lived in Apuli, then were all defeated by the Romans.. who later were defeated by the Carthaginians.
Geography: Mostly a plain, low coast broken by mountainous Gargano peninsula in the North and mountains in the north central region.
Language: Bari- Barese, Sicily/tarantino- Salentino, Province of Foggie- Faetar, Now- Italian
Facts: Southern peninsulas called calabria
Divided into 6 regions (Foggia, Barlette-Andriatrani, Bari, Tarantino, Brintidi, Lecce)
Calabria/Brutii
Two tribes inhabited Calabria, the Oenoti, "Vine Cultivators", and the Itali. The Greeks settled on the coastline, what is now present day Reggio Calabria and Crotone. The Brutii established the main cities of Calabria and Cosenza. Interaction with the Romans resulted in the inland spread of Malaria.
Located on the Meditteranean peninsula, Calabria is separated by Sicily and the Strait of Messina. FOr the most part, the land is very mountainous, with mountains like Pollino, Sila, and Aspromonte being the most famous. The land at the bottom parts of the mountains are very fertile and are home to prickely pear cacti, vineyards, and citrus fruit orchards.
Since 1861, the native language has been Italian, but before the common language took over, people spoke in two different dialects- Sicilian and Neapolitian.
Sicily
Rivers
Ancient Italy was split into two zones, East and West. The East Zone had weaker rivers that dried up in the summer heat, however in the winter, the rivers became raging torrents that eroded much of the landscape. Two of the rivers in this zone were the Biferno and Remini. The West zone was the opposite of the East, containing many good harbors that allowed for trading. One main river in this zone was the Tiber. Another River that is still prominent today is the Po River. In Ancient Italy, rivers were crucial because they provided a network for communication.
Mountains
The Alps, along the northern border of Italy, kept out most influence from other European countries. The Apennines are a mountain range spreading down the length of the country, serving as its "backbone", as well as keeping the East coast isolated from the rest of the peninsula. Famous mountains are Etna, the largest active volcano in Europe, Vulcano, Stromboli, and Vesuvius, the largest active volcano on mainland Europe.
Neighbors
Some neighboring regions of ancient italy were the gauls. The inhabitants of gaul were speakers of the gaulish language but was replaced with vulgar latin by the arrival of the Franks. Another neighboring region was Illyria.It was founded by the tribes and clans the illyrians who spoke the illyrian language.
Was an Italic tribe that lived in Italy inhabiting Latium before the founding of Rome. The languages that were spoken in the area were similar to the Oscan and Umbrian languages. Their language belonged to the Sabellic subgroup. Some aspects of Rome and the Sabines that are similar are religion and mythology. Today the region is referred to as Sabina. The piece of art called the "The Rape of the Sabine Women" comes from when women were abducted by Roman men to populate the new small town. The word rape is not used like the way we use it today, but rather just as kidnapping. The original territory of the Sabines straddled the modern regions of Lazio, Umbria, and Abruzzo. Now a day it has become a tourist destination, known for its interesting medieval villages and its production of olive oil.